Pneumatic fender

2026-06-22 | Yifeng Qin

PIANC MarCom 211: LNG Terminal Fender Design Guide

LNG terminal owners and EPC engineers face a transition. The PIANC fender guideline most buyers reference — WG33 — is no longer current. Specifications written against it look correct on paper but no longer match the design basis PIANC now publishes for seagoing vessel berthing. PIANC MarCom 211 is the 2024 PIANC fender guideline (March […]

Read Article

2026-06-21 | Yifeng Qin

Pneumatic Fender vs Cone Fender for LNG, FSRU, STS

Engineers planning an LNG berth, an FSRU mooring layout, or a ship-to-ship transfer station usually arrive at the same fork in the road: pneumatic fender or cone fender. The two products are not interchangeable, and picking by feature spec alone is the wrong starting point. The right question is what kind of berth you are […]

Read Article

2026-06-16 | Yifeng Qin

SIGTTO Fender Requirements for FSRU Berthing Count

For FSRU berthing, the first question is not always fender size. It is usually the count: how many pneumatic fenders should be arranged along the berthing side before the size calculation starts? Direct answer: SIGTTO fender requirements do not give one fixed number for every FSRU berth. In practice, use at least two pneumatic fenders […]

Read Article

2026-06-10 | Yifeng Qin

LNG Carrier Berthing Energy Calculation: Formula & Guide

How do you calculate berthing energy for an LNG carrier? A berthing energy calculation follows PIANC MarCom 211 (2024): Ek = (½ × M × V²) × Ce × Cm. M is laden displacement, V is berthing velocity, Ce is the eccentricity factor, and Cm is the added mass factor. A partial energy factor (γE) […]

Read Article

2026-05-24 | Yifeng Qin

Pneumatic Fender Size Chart: ISO 17357 Sizes & GEA/RF Data

Most fender inquiries start with a size question. The vessel class is known, the berthing energy is estimated, but the right fender size is not immediately obvious from a product catalog. Standard pneumatic fenders under ISO 17357-1:2014 range from 500×1000 mm to 4500×12000 mm in diameter × length. Performance is rated at 60% deflection and […]

Read Article

2026-05-24 | Yifeng Qin

ISO 17357 Pneumatic Fender Standard: Part 1, Testing & Specs

Most procurement specs reference “ISO 17357” without specifying which part, which fender type, or which inspection clauses apply. The result: ambiguity that leads to mismatched expectations between buyer and manufacturer. ISO 17357 is the international standard for floating pneumatic rubber fenders, published in two parts. Part 1 (ISO 17357-1:2014) governs high-pressure fenders at 50 kPa […]

Read Article

2026-05-22 | Yifeng Qin

OCIMF STS Fender Requirements — What Suppliers Must Meet

The OCIMF Ship to Ship Transfer Guide is the governing reference for STS fender selection. But the actual requirements — fender sizes, quantities, velocity assumptions, and calculation methods — are scattered across tables and formulas that many procurement teams never see in full. This article lays out those requirements clearly. The OCIMF STS Transfer Guide […]

Read Article

2026-05-21 | Yifeng Qin

How to Select a Pneumatic Fender for LNG Terminal Berthing

Select a pneumatic fender for an LNG terminal in five steps: calculate effective berthing energy using vessel displacement and PIANC MarCom 211 velocity tables, match energy absorption to an ISO 17357 Class I fender size, verify hull pressure stays below 220 kPa, confirm OCIMF MEG4 and SIGTTO compliance, and obtain BV, DNV, or ABS certification […]

Read Article

2026-04-03 | Yifeng Qin

What Is an FSRU and What Fender System Does It Use?

Most engineers searching this question find conflicting answers. Some sources describe jetty fenders. Others list foam fenders. Neither is correct for this application. FSRU berthing is fundamentally different from jetty berthing — and that difference changes the fender entirely. This article explains what an FSRU is, what that operational difference means, and why pneumatic fenders […]

Read Article

2026-02-28 | Yifeng Qin

Yokohama Fenders vs. Foam Filled Fenders: Which is Better?

Choosing between Yokohama type and Foam-filled fenders isn't just about price—it's about understanding failure risks that most manufacturers won't tell you. Yokohama (pneumatic) fenders excel in deep-sea ship-to-ship operations due to their superior elasticity1 and lower transport costs, while foam-filled fenders offer unmatched durability for harsh dockside environments since they cannot deflate. The better choice […]

Read Article